GLODAP

Atlantic Ocean Cruise Summary

Section No EXPOCODE Ship Dates Total
Stations TCO₂
Stations TALK
Stations CFC
Stations ¹⁴C
Stations Chief Scientist Carbon
PI CFC
PI ¹⁴C
PI

WOCE

A01E 1 06MT18_1 Meteor 9/2 - 9/26/91 57^b 30^c 0^d 0 13 J.Meincke L.Mintrop
D.Wallace W.Roether R.Bayer

A01EW 2 06MT30_3 Meteor 11/15 - 12/19/94 61^b 0^s 0^s 51 0^ax J.Meincke B.Schnider
H.Thomas W.Roether
A.Putzka R.Bayer

A01W 3 18HU95011_1 Hudson 6/7 - 7/5/95 61^b 51 0^d 55 0 J.Lazier P.Jones R.Gershey NA

AR07W^* 4 18HU98023_1 Hudson 6/22 - 7/9/98 40^e 23 23 22 0 P.Jones P.Jones
R.Gershey P.Jones
R.Gershey NA

A02^* 5 06MT30_2 Meteor 10/12 - 11/12/94 52^b 0^s 0^s 44 10 P.Kolterman L.Mintrop
A.Körtzinger W.Roether R.Bayer

A02 6 06MT39_3 Meteor 6/11 - 7/3/97 65^b 34 33 53 0 P.Kolterman D.Wallace Unknown NA

A03 7 90CT40_1 Multanovsky 9/11 - 11/21/93 124^b 0 0 0 0 V.Tereschenkov NA NA NA

A05^*,f 8 31RBOACES24N_2 Brown 1/24 - 2/23/98 130^g 126 122 76 0^ay K.Lee
A.Bitterman R.Feely
F.Millero J.Bullister P.Quay

A05 9 29HE06_1-3 Hesperides 7/14 - 8/15/92 111^b 33^h 33^h 65 8ⁱ J.Parrilla F.Millero
A.Rios W.Smethie W.Broecker

A06 10 35A3CITHER1_2 L'Atalante 2/13 - 3/19/93 84^b 0^j 0^d 52 0 C.Colin C.Oudot C.Andrie NA

A07 11 35A3CITHER1_1 L'Atalante 1/2 - 2/10/93 119^b 0^j 0^d 87 0 A.Moliere C.Oudot C.Andrie NA

A08^* 12 06MT28_1 Meteor 3/29 - 5/11/94 126^b 50^k 50^k 70 0 T.Mueller D.Wallace A.Putzka NA

A09^* 13 06MT15_3 Meteor 2/10 - 3/23/91 111^b 30^l 7^l 70 4 G.Siedler C.Goyet
D.Wallace D.Wallace Unknown

A10^* 14 06MT22_5 Meteor 12/27/92 - 1/31/93 112^b 55^m 25^m 76 5 T.Mueller L.Mintrop
D.Wallace W.Roether Unknown

A11 15 74DI199_1 Discovery 12/22/92 - 2/1/93 91^b 0 0 44 0 P.Saunders NA Smythe-Wright NA

A21/A12^*,az 16 06MT11_5 Meteor 1/23 - 3/8/90 78^b 77ⁿ 77ⁿ 66 18 W.Roether T.Takahashi W.Roether P.Schlosser

A12 17 06AQANTX_4 Polarstern 5/21 - 8/5/92 98^b 53 0 81 0 P.Lemke M.Hoppema W.Roether NA

S4A(A12) 18 06AQANTXIII_4 Polarstern 3/17 - 5/20/96 100^b 90^ba 0 92 0 E.Fahrbach M.Hoppema A.Watson NA

A13^* 19 35A3CITHER3_2 L'Atalante 2/22 - 4/2/95 135^b 49 46 134 0 M.Arhan L.Bingler
A.Gonzales L.Memery NA

A14^* 20 35A3CITHER3_1 L'Atalante 1/11 - 2/11/95 107^b 53^p 102 102 0 H.Mercier L.Bingler
A.Rios L.Memery NA

A15^* 21 316N142_3 Knorr 4/3 - 5/21/94 148^b 93 93 81 0 W.Smethie
G.Weatherly C.Goyet W.Smethie NA

A16S^bb 22 OACES91_1-2 Baldridge 7/11 - 9/2/91 33^bc 33 32 0 0 D.Atwood F.Millero
R.Wanninkhof NA NA

A16N^*,bb 23 OACES93 Baldridge 7/4 - 8/29/93 81^bd 81 79 80 0^be R.Wanninkhof F.Millero
R.Feely J.Bullister P.Quay

A17^* 24 3230CITHER2_1-2 M. Ewing 1/4 - 3/21/94 234^b 145^aw 90 226 0 L.Memery D.Wallace
A.Rios D.Wallace NA

A20^* 25 316N151_3 Knorr 7/17 - 8/10/97 90^b 79^q 90^q 83 13^r R.Pickart F.Millero
C.Sabine
D.Wallace W.Smethie R.Key

A22^* 26 316N151_4 Knorr 8/15 - 9/3/97 77^b 51^q 59^q 75 11^r T.Joyce F.Millero
C.Sabine
D.Wallace W.Smethie R.Key

A23 27 74JC10_1 J.C. Ross 3/20 - 5/6/95 127^b 0^j 0 99 0 K.Heywood
B.King J.Robertson A.Watson NA

A24^* 28 316N151_2 Knorr 5/30 - 7/5/97 153^b 143^q 144^q 131 0 L.Talley F.Millero
D.Wallace R.Weiss NA

A25 29 74DI230_1 Discovery 8/7 - 9/17/97 142^b 0^as 0^as 119 0 S.Bacon M.Rodriguez Smythe-Wright NA

AR24 30 316N147_2 Knorr 11/2 - 12/3/96 188^e 54^q 55^q 0 0 M.McCartney F.Millero
D.Wallace
C.Winn NA NA

SR02 31 06AQANTVIII_2 Polarstern 9/6/89 - 10/30/89 86^b 0 0 0^s 0^s E.Fahrbach NA Unknown Unknown

SR04 32 06AQANTX_7 Polarstern 12/3/92 - 1/22/93 78^b 65^bi 0 0 0 E.Fahrbach M.Hoppema NA NA

I06S^t 33 35MFCIVA_1 M. Dufresne 1/23 - 3/9/93 52^b 52 52 52 8^v A.Poisson A.Poisson A.Poisson M.Arnold

I6Sb^*,t 34 35MF103_1 M. Dufresne 2/20 - 3/22/1996 55^b 55 55 54 0 A.Poisson A.Poisson A.Poisson NA

Historical

A12/A13^bf 35 316N83_a,c Knorr 10/7/83 - 2/19/84 137^w 105^x 103^x 132^y 0 J.Reid
W.Nowlin T.Takahashi R.Weiss NA

ANT V-2,3 36 06AQANTV_2,3 Polarstern 6/27-12/14/86 164^z 58^z 58^z 29^z 20^z E.Augstein
G.Hempel
A.Gordon T.Takahashi R.Weiss P.Schlosser

ARC 37 316N83_b Knorr 11/13 - 12/10/83 84^aa 0 0 0 0 A.Gordon NA NA NA

A3 38 3IAN109_1 Atlantis II 6/12 - 7/8/81 101^{ab, au} 0 0 0 0 C.Wunsch NA NA NA

Marathon7 39 31WT847 T. Washington 10/1 - 10/22/84 64^ac 0 0 63^bh 0 A.Gordon NA W.Smethie NA

A20 40 32OC133 Oceanus 5/1 - 5/17/83 94^ab 0 0 0 0 M.McCartney NA NA NA

A16N^ad 41 32OC202_1-2 Oceanus 7/23 - 8/27/88 129^b 0 0 78 0 M.McCartney NA J.Bullister NA

WEPOLEX 42 M. Somov 10/9/82 - 11/25/82 24^ae 0 24^ae 0 0 A. Gordon
E. Sarukhanyan C.Chen NA NA

GEOSECS 43 Leg 1
Leg 2
Leg 3
Leg 4
Leg 5
Leg 6
Leg 7
Leg 8
Leg 9 Knorr 7/18/72 - 4/1/73 114^af 58^af 58^af 0 41^ag D.Spencer
D.Spencer
W.Broecker
H.Craig
W.Broecker
K.Park
H.Craig
J.Reid
T.Takahashi PACODF NA G.Ostlund
M.Stuiver

A16N 44 06MT56_5 Meteor 3/28 - 4/23/81 29 0 0 0 10ah,bg W.Roether NA NA W.Roether

TTO-NAS 45 TTONAS_1
TTONAS_2
TTONAS_3
TTONAS_4
TTONAS_5
TTONAS_6
TTONAS_7
Knorr 4/1 - 10/19/81 247^ai 164^aj 164^aj 0 62^ak P.Brewer
J.Sarmiento
L.Armi
W.Broecker
T.Takahashi
W.Jenkins
P.Brewer P.Brewer
T.Takahashi NA G.Ostlund

TTO-TAS 46 TTOTAS_1
TTOTAS_2
TTOTAS_3 Knorr 12/1/82 - 2/18/83 110^al 102^aj 102^aj 0^am 39^ak J.Sarmiento
C.Rooth
T.Takahashi T.Takahashi R.Weiss G.Ostlund

WBEX 47 316NXXX Knorr 4/24 - 5/18/86 51^an 0 0 51^ao 0 W.Jenkins NA W.Smethie NA

SAVE 48 318MSAVE_1-5
318MHYDROS4^at Knorr(1-3)
Melville(4-6) 11/23/87 - 3/8/89
3/13 - 4/19/89 370^ap 360^ap 299^ap 348 77^aq T.Takahashi
W.Smethie
W.Jenkins
R.Key
W.Smethie
M.McCartney T.Takahashi R.Weiss
W.Smethie G.Ostlund

^*Cruise data used in calculating anthropogenic CO²
^aCalibration details for carbon measurements are in Wanninkhof et al. 2003
^bCruise report available at WHPO web site. These cruise reports include the final data reports written specifically for CFCs, carbon measurements and both large volume and small volume radiocarbon measurements
^cSee Johnson et al. 1996
^dAlkalinity measurements from this cruise deleted from merged data set
^fNot listed by WHP as a WOCE cruise
^gSee Peltola et al. 1998
^hSee Millero et al. 2000
ⁱSee Severinghaus et al. 1996
^jTCO² measurements from this cruise deleted from merged data set
^kSee Johnson et al. 2002b
^lSee Johnson et al. 1995
^mSee Johnson et al. 1998b
ⁿSee Chipman et al. 1994
^pSee Rios et al. 2003 for independent estimates of anthropogenic CO₂ for this section
^qSee Johnson et al. 2003
^rSee Elder 2002
^sWHP indicates that samples collected, but not yet reported
^tIndian Ocean cruise additionally listed here to provide data closure at the southeastern boundary
^vSee Leboucher et al. 1999
^wSee ODF 1985
^xSee Chipman et al. 1986
^ySee Weiss et al. 1990
^zHydrographic data received from Bruce Huber, LDEO; nutrient data received from L. Gordon, Oregon State Univ.; carbon data received from Taro Takahashi, LDEO; calculated alkalinity values are from R.Wanninkhof, NOAA/AOML; P.Schlosser isotope data and R.Weiss CFC data received from B.Kromer
^aaARC (Agulhas Retroflection Cruise) data received from B.Huber and B.Haines, LDEO
^abData received from L.Talley, SIO; see also Woods Hole data Report WHOI 85-38
^acData received from B.Huber and B.Haines, LDEO
^adListed by WHP as official occupation of the A16N line
^aeSee Chen 1987, Gordon et al. 1984, and Gordon and Huber 1984
^afSee Bainbridge 1981
^agSee Ostlund et al. 1987
^ahData received from B.Kromer
^aiSee ODF 1986a
^ajSee Brewer et al. 1986
^akSee Ostlund and Grall 1987
^alSee ODF, 1986b
^amData not yet obtained; See Weiss et al. 1991
^anSee Key et al. 1990; this report only includes results from large volume casts, but rosette samples are also in the data file
^aoData received from W.Smethie
^apSee ODF, 1992a,b,c
^akSee Ostlund and Grall 1992
^asNo data available, see Alvarez et al. 2003
^atHydros 4 was officially an independent cruise, however it is frequently merged with the SAVE cruises, as is done here
^auRoemmich and Wunsch 1985
^avU.S-U.S.S.R Weddell Polynya Expedition
^awAccording to the comparison between TALK measured on A17 and recent cruises (CITHER-3, FICARAM-2, and FICARAM-3), the PIs recommend a correction of -8 µmol/kg for all TALK measurements (Rios et al. 2005, NDP-084)
^axData now available from WHPO
^ayNOSAMS data report #04-002, values now available from http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/oaces/bottle_data.html
^azThis cruise frequently included as part of SAVE collection
^baData received from M.Hoppema via B.Huss. Submitted to WHPO 08/12/05
^bbData from http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/oaces/bottle_data.html
^bcSee Forde et al. 1994
^bdSee Castle et al. 1998
^beMeasurements completed 12/04, data will soon be available from http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/ocd/oaces/bottle_data.html
^bfCommonly known as AJAX Expedition
^bgSee Schlitzer et al. 1985
^bhSee Smethie 1993
^biSee Hoppema et al. 1995, 1997, 1998; Robinson and Williams 1991

References

Bainbridge, A. E. 1981. GEOSECS Atlantic Expedition, Vol. 1, Hydrographic Data 1972-1973, IDOE/ NSF, 121pp.

Brewer, P. G., A. L. Bradshaw, R. T. Williams. 1986. Measurements of total carbon dioxide and alkalinity in the North Atlantic Ocean in 1981. In: Trabalka J. R., and D. E. Reichle (eds.), The Changing Carbon Cycle: A Global Analysis. Springer, New York, pp. 348-370.

Chen, C.-T. A., 1987. Carbonate chemistry of the Weddell Sea. NDP-028, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN.

Chipman, D. W., T. Takahash,i and S. C. Sutherland. 1986. Carbon chemistry of the South Atlantic Ocean and the Weddell Sea: The results of the Atlantic Long Lines (AJAX) Expeditions, October, 1983 - February, 1984. Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Columbia Univ., Palisades, NY, unnumbered technical report, 185pp.

Chipman, D. W., T. Takahashi, D. Breger and S. C. Sutherland. 1994. Carbon Dioxide, Hydrographic and Chemical Data Obtained During the R/V Meteor Cruise 11/5 in the South Atlantic Ocean and Northern Weddell Sea Areas (WOCE sections A-12 and A-21). ORNL/CDIAC-55, NDP-045, Carbon Dioxide INformation Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 56pp.

Elder, K. L., A. P. McNichol, and A. R. Gagnon. 1998. Reproducibility of seawater, inorganic and organic carbon ¹⁴C results at NOSAMS. Radiocarbon 40(1):223-30.

Gordon, A. L. and B. A. Huber. 1984. Thermohaline stratification below the Southern Ocean sea ice. J. Geophys. Res. 89(C1):641-648.

Gordon, A. L., C. T. A. Chen, and W. G. Metcalf. 1984. Winter mixed layer entrainment of Weddell Deep Water. J. Geophys. Res., 89:637-40.

Johnson, K. M., D. W. R. Wallace, R. J. Wilke, and C. Goyet. 1995. Carbon dioxide, hydrographic and chemical data obtained during the R/V Meteor Cruise 15/3 in the South Atlantic Ocean (WOCE section A9, February - March 1991), ORNL/CDIAC-82, NDP-051, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 44 pp.

Johnson, K. M., B. Schneider, L. Mintrop, and D. W. R. Wallace. 1996. Carbon Dioxide, Hydrographic and Chemical Data Obtained During the R/V Meteor Cruise 18/1 in the North Atlantic Ocean (WOCE section A1E, September 1991). ORNL/CDIAC-91, NDP-056, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 44 pp.

Johnson, K. M., B. Schneider, L. Mintrop, and D. W. R. Wallace. 1998b. Carbon Dioxide, Hydrographic, and Chemical Data Obtained During the R/V Meteor Cruise 22/5 in the South Atlantic Ocean (WOCE Section A10, December 1992 - January 1993). ORNL/CDIAC-113, NDP-066, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 49 pp.

Johnson, K. M., K. Wills, A. Koertzinger, C. Neill, and D. W. R. Wallace. 2002b. Carbon dioxide, hydrographic, and chemical data obtained during the R/V Meteor Cruise 28/1 in the South Atlantic Ocean (WOCE section A8, March29 - May12, 1994). ORNL/CDIAC-135, NDP-079, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 38pp.

Johnson, K. M., R. M. Key,. F. J. Millero, C. L. Sabine, D. W. R. Wallace, C. D. Winn, L. Arlen, K. Erickson, K. Friis, M. Galanter, J. Goen, R. Rotter, C. Thomas, R. J. Wilke, T. Takahashi, and S. C. Sutherland. 2003. Carbon Dioxide, Hydrographic, and Chemical Data Obtained During the R/V Knorr Cruises in the North Atlantic Ocean on WOCE Sections AR24 (November 2 - December 5, 1996) and A24, A20, and A22 (May 30 - September 3, 1997). ORNL/CDIAC-143, NDP-082, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 46pp.

Leboucher, V., J. Orr, P. Jean-Baptiste, M. Arnold, P. Monfray, N. Tisnerat-Laborde, A. Poisson, and J.-C. Duplessy. 1999. Oceanic radiocarbon between Antarctica and South Africa along WOCE section I06 at 30°E. Radiocarbon, 41(1):51-73.

Millero, F. J., S. Fiol, D. M. Campbell, and G. Parrilla. 2000. Carbon Dioxide, Hydrographic and Chemical Data Obtained During the R/V Hespérides Cruise in the Atlantic Ocean (WOCE Section A5, July 14 - August 15, 1992). ORNL/CDIAC-125, NDP-074, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37pp.

Ostlund, H. G., H. Craig, W. S. Broecker, and D. Spencer. 1987. GEOSECS Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Ocean Expeditions. Vol. 7: Shorebased Data and Graphics, IDOE/NSF, 200pp.

Ostlund, H. G., and C. Grall. 1987. North and Tropical Atlantic tritium and radiocarbon. Tritium Laboratory Data Report No. 16, R.S.M.A.S., Univ. Miami, Miami, FL, 277pp.

ODF. 1985. Physical, chemical, and CTD data, R/V Oceanus OC202, 23 July 1988 - 1 September 1988, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ. Calif., San Diego, SIO Ref. 91-16, [cross listed as Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX ref. 85-4-D], 275pp.

ODF. 1986a. Transient Tracers in the Ocean North Atlantic Study, Shipboard physical and chemical data report. Physical and Chemical Oceanographic Data Facility, Scripps Inst. Ocean. PACODF Publication No 221, SIO Reference 86-15, 714pp.

Peltola, E., K. Lee, R. Wanninkhof, R. Feely, M. Roberts, D. Greeley, M. Baringer, G. Johnson, J. Bullister, C. Mordy, J.-Z. Zhang, P. Quay, F. Millero, D. Hansell, and A.P. Minnett. 1998. Chemical and hydrographic measurements on a climate and global change cruise along 24°N in the Atlantic, WOCE section A5R(repeat), during January–February 1998. NOAA Data Report OAR AOML-41. AOML, Miami, FL. 199 pp.

Rìos, A. F., X. A. Àlvarez-Salgado, F. F. Pèrez, L. S. Bingler, J. Arìstegui, and L. Mèmery. 2003. Carbon dioxide along WOCE line A14: Water masses characterization and anthropogenic entry. J. Geophys. Res., 108:3123,doi:10.1029/2000JC000366.

Severinghaus, J. P., W. S. Broecker, T.-H. Peng, and G. Bonani. 1996. Transect along 24°N latitude of ¹⁴C in dissolved inorganic carbon in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Radiocarbon, 39(3):407-14.

Wanninkhof, R., T.-H. Peng, B. Huss, C. L. Sabine, K. Lee. 2003. Comparison of inorganic carbon system parameters measured in the Atlantic Ocean from 1990 to 1998 and recommended adjustments, A. Kozyr (ed.). ORNL/CDIAC-140. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

Weiss, R. F., J. L. Bullister, M. J. Warner, F. A. Van Woy, and P. K. Salameh. 1990. Ajax Expedition chlorofluorocarbon measurements. Scripps Inst. Ocean., Univ. Calif. San Diego, CA, SIO Reference 90-6, 190pp.


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